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Essay on Aids in the United States
As AIDS spread to more and more countries -- by 1985 it seemed likely to become universal, although it was still unreported in most Asian countries -- it grew less and less accurate to think of it as a gay American disease. Yet the popular perception of it remained largely in these terms, in part because the media failed to convey its extent among other populations. Thus a Newsweek story at the end of 1984 remarked that "even such remote countries as Rwanda and Zaire in Black Africa have reported AIDS cases," with no acknowledgment of the extent of the disease in these countries or of the theories that central Africa was the place where AIDS most likely originated. It is my experience that otherwise well-informed people have managed to ignore the reports from Africa that do exist, and that throw severe doubt on the whole concept of AIDS as a "gay disease” (Krauthammer, 1984).
The perception of AIDS as a gay American disease has real social and political consequences. From the little evidence available it seems that AIDS in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe may be severely underdiagnosed and underreported because of its association with "Western decadence" and the reluctance of Communist states to acknowledge a homosexual population. Cuba also claims very few AIDS cases, which seems on the face of it surprising, given Cuban links with Africa. AIDS became an issue internationally because of media reports coming out of the United States, and reports everywhere have drawn on the American experience with AIDS, often as a dire warning for what lies in store. In those countries where the existence of AIDS is recognized, the United States is looked to for information and guidance, although this can go hand in hand with resentment against American medical imperialism, as seems to have been the case in France...........
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