United States of America was founded in 1776 along the East Coast of North America. At that time, it was consisted of thirteen states and territory that extended west to the Mississippi River. Since 1796 the territories of US extended through treaties, purchases, wars etc. to what we know today.
Constitution of United States was first introduced when after the revolution, thirteen states of present United States of America joined hands together in the form of loose confederation. This form of confederation ensured their freedom, sovereignty and independence. They have united to form a common defense, the security of their liberties and their mutual and general welfare.
This earliest confederation of thirteen states decided to form a common national legislature, called Congress. Congress had the responsibility of deciding the nature of foreign policy of United States, to declare war or peace, maintaining an army or navy, setting boundary disputes, establishing and maintaining a postal service and various lesser functions.
Before the Civil war, Abraham Lincoln had made it clear that he was totally against slavery, but on the other hand, he did not view blacks as equal. He was of the opinion that there exist a huge gap between whites and blacks, and thus he had grave doubts about extending equal political rights to the blacks of the United States. Abraham Lincoln believed that the racial differences between the whites and the blacks were due to the necessity of the separation of two races, and so he favored a policy of emigration. In the Civil War, Lincoln’s policy was focused on to the point to maintain or reestablish the union of all states. But it was almost impossible to enforce a uniform policy for all the states, because the northern states favored a policy, which supports emancipation but a strong position in favor of emancipation would be harmful for the union of Border States................
