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Essay on Research Proposal
Introduction
In this research proposal the overall aim is to contribute to counteracting tobacco marketing influences and keeping the smoking rate among Black South African women low. To this end, the following objectives were set:
(1) To identify the smoking beliefs, attitudes, values and behaviors of black women living in Cape Town so as to:
a. Understand the current status of Xhosa-speaking females' response to tobacco usage,
b. Provide a benchmark against which to measure how the status changes, and
c. Provide a basis for speaking to women in their own terms about tobacco control.
(2) To identify key determinants of these perceptions and behaviors by investigating the relative impact of such things as urbanization, socioeconomic status and contextual factors like exposure to media and marketing activities.
(3) To devise recommendations for the design and implementation of public policies and health interventions that:
a. Counteract tobacco marketing influences, and
b. Reinforce appropriate existing beliefs, attitudes, values, and determinants that keep black women from smoking.
Methodology
The data discussed in this report will be collected from a survey administered in late 1999 to a random stratified cluster sample of 1314 Xhosa-speaking women from the Black African townships in the Cape Town metropolitan area. Quotas for three tobacco usage categories—non-users, smokers and snuff users—were will be built into the sampling design, as were quotas for three housing contexts—formal, serviced; informal, serviced; and informal, unserviced—as well as quotas for two age groups—15-29 years and 30-64 years.
The questionnaire will be administered in Xhosa by 8 fieldworkers overseen by an experienced Xhosa-speaking field supervisor. The questionnaire will look at Black women’s beliefs, attitudes and behaviors regarding tobacco usage. A wide array of additional variables will also be examined, including the respondents’ demographics, sense of urbanization, exposure to media and tobacco marketing, role identification and perceptions of others’ tobacco attitudes and usage patterns. ....
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