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Essay on Japan Airlines Flight 123 Crash
Japan Airlines flight 123 (JAL123, JA123, JL123), crashed into the ridge of Mount Takamagahara in Gunma Prefecture, Japan 100 km from Tokyo, on Monday August 12, 1985. The crash site was on Osutakano-O'ne (Osutaka Ridge), near Mount Osutaka. It remains the worst single-aircraft disaster in history, and the second-worst aviation accident of all time, second only to the Tenerife disaster. All 15 crew members and 505 out of 509 passengers died (including the famous singer Kyu Sakamoto) resulting in a total of 520 deaths.
There were four female survivors who were seated together in the center of row 56: Yumi Ochiai, an off-duty JAL flight attendant, age 25, who was jammed between a number of seats; Hiroko Yoshizaki, a 34-year-old woman and her 8-year-old daughter Mikiko, who were trapped in an intact section of the fuselage; and a 12-year-old girl, Keiko Kawakami, who was found sitting on a branch up in a tree. The flight took off at 6:12 pm, bound from Tokyo International Airport, Haneda, Tokyo to Osaka International Airport, Itami, Hyogo. About 12 minutes after takeoff, as the aircraft reached cruising altitude over Sagami Bay, its tailplane buckled, shedding 15 feet (5 m) of leading edge and the vertical stabilizer into the sea, depressurizing the cabin, and severing all four of the aircraft's hydraulic lines. A well-known photograph (shown) taken from the ground shows a vertical stabilizer to be missing. The pilots set their transponder to broadcast a distress signal to air traffic control in Tokyo, who allowed the aircraft to descend and gave it heading vectors for an emergency landing. Continued control problems required them to first request vectors back to Haneda, then to Yokota (a US military air base), then back to Haneda again as the aircraft veered all over the map.
After descending to 13,500 feet (4100 m), the pilots reported that the aircraft was "uncontrollable"....
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