[Author’s Name]
[Institution’s Name]
Essay on The Darfur Crisis in Sudan
The purpose of this report is to in detail explain the Darfur Crisis in Sudan. Initially I have illustrated the origins of the crisis in Darfur. Secondly in detail I have mentioned this crisis as the worst humanitarian crisis. Lastly and also most importantly this report explains the international approach and paradigms towards this extreme humanitarian crisis.
Darfur is inhabited by a variety of peoples, generally constituting two distinct groups: non-Arab black peoples such as the Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa, and Arab tribes collectively termed Baggara (also black by the standards of most non-Africans), who settled the region from about the 13th century onwards. Both groups are Muslims. However, relations between the two groups have long been tense; the pre-colonial Fur kingdom regularly clashed with the Baggara, particularly the Rizeigat.Moreover, before the 20th century (and by some accounts well into it) Darfur was a center of the slave trade, and Fur slavers competed with Arab ones to raid the nearby Bahr el Ghazal to obtain slaves for the coastal regions. The two groups also have differing economic needs, which has led to clashes: the Fur and Masalit are primarily sedentary farmers, while the Arabs and Zaghawa are nomadic herdsmen, which has brought them into conflict over access to land and water resources.
The government of Sudan has had a strongly Arab character since the country's independence in 1956; it has been a series of military dictatorships since 1958. The First Sudanese Civil War, between the Muslim government and the mostly non-Muslim population of the southern Sudan, started in 1955 and ended with the 1972 Addis Ababa Accords. In 1983, the Second Sudanese Civil War broke out when the president declared Shari’a law in the south. Peace conferences in 2005 ended the 21 year civil war and produced an agreement......
