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Essay on Rise of Nazi Germany
National Socialism or Nazism,doctrines and policies of the National Socialist German Workers' party, which ruled Germany under Adolf Hitler from 1933 to 1945. In German the party name was Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP); members were first called Nazis as a derisive abbreviation. Hitler was born in the Austrian border town of Braunau am Inn in 1889, the son of an Austrian customs official. The family moved to Linz, Austria, in 1894, and at age of seventeen Hitler, a mediocre student, sought admission to the Vienna Art Academy and was refused. He remained in Vienna, living a Bohemian existence, until 1917 when he moved to Munich. Hitler joined the German army; he attained the rank of corporal, experienced military authority and discipline, and suffered the disillusionments of defeat.
In 1919 Hitler joined the right-wing Bavarian German Workers' Party; the following year the party changed its name to National Socialist German Workers' Party (National sozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei-NSDAP-known as Nazis, a term derived from the German pronunciation of "National"). Hitler assumed the leadership of the NSDAP in 1921. National Socialists denounced the republic and the "November criminals" who had signed the Versailles Treaty. The postwar economic slump won the party a considerable following among unemployed ex-soldiers, the lower middle class, and small farmers; in 1923 membership totaled 55,000. Hitler's "beer hall putsch" of November 1923, an attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government, failed, and the fuhrer was imprisoned until December 1924. In prison he wrote Mein Kampf, the Nazi ideological tract.( Taylor, Fred M. 1929)
Nazi ideology, a blend of conservative and revolutionary elements, consisted of four basic tenets. First, the authoritarian state was glorified, Second, imperialistic nationalism involving continental expansion to acquire living space (lebensraum) constituted the primary Nazi goal. Third, the racist concept of the "superiority" of the so-called Aryan people requiring defense against foreign intrusion, i.e., Jews, was proclaimed.......
