[Author’s Name]
[Institution’s Name]
Essay on Mongol Empire
Mongols, Asian people, numbering around six million and scattered mostly in the Republic of Mongolia, Kalmykia, the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region of China as well as the Buryat Republic of Russia (Vreeland, 1957). Conventionally the Mongols were a mainly rural people, following their horses, camels, cattle, and sheep on a seasonal round of pasturage, and, when encamped, living in felt-covered yurts. Shamanism was the customary religion of the Mongols, but Buddhism was established in the sixteenth century; competition between the two created Lamaism, a mixture of both.
The Mongols have a written language; the earliest existing work written in Mongolian dates from 1240 (Twitchett, Dennis & Mote, 1998). The source of the Mongols is difficult to understand, but it is supposed that many of the supposed Huns, who attacked Europe, in addition to the Khitan, who founded a dynasty (916–1125) in North China, may have been Mongols. On the other hand, it was not until the early 13th century and the creation of the Mongol empire by Jenghiz Khan that the many Mongol tribes, thus far slackly associated and continuously disputed, appeared in world history as an influential as well as unified nation. The Yasa (Jasagh), or regal code, was propagated (Weichao, 1997).It laid down the managerial lines of the Mongol nation, the management of the army, and criminal, commercial, as well as civil codes of law. As administrators the Mongols employed numerous Uigurs, whose script they approved.
From their capital at Karakorum the Mongol hordes swept west into Europe and East into China, and by 1260 the sons of Jenghiz Khan ruled a distant Eurasian empire that was divided into 4 khanates.They were the Great Khanate, which included all of China and most of East Asia and which under Kublai Khan came to be recognized as the Yüan dynasty.......
