Fujimori, an obscure agronomist and university professor of mathematics, was a novice in the political arena when he decided to participate in the 1990 general elections. At the time, Peruvian law permitted a presidential candidate to run simultaneously for senate office. Fujimori ran as an independent candidate for both seats, but it was obvious that his aspiration was to become a member of parliament. Vargas Llosa, who was backed by Peru's principal power brokers and the U.S. establishment, was widely favored to win. To everyone's surprise, Fujimori came in second behind Vargas Llosa in the first-round vote, and went on to defeat him in the second round. New social and political circumstances made Fujimori's apparent "outsider" status attractive to voters fed up with politics as usual.
Shortly after taking office, Fujimori - who had waged an electoral campaign against neoliberal reform - made an about-face and implemented the very orthodox economic policies he had rejected. He did so in an extremely harsh fashion, in an attempt to stabilize the economy and bring inflation under control. In the short term, these measures aggravated the recession and further jacked up inflation - gasoline prices increased 30 times overnight, while inflation for the month of August alone was 400%. In a country of 22 million inhabitants, the number of people living in poverty jumped from 9 to 14 million. (://www.cosmopolis.ch/english/cosmo7/fujimori.htm)
The administration gradually introduced new measures that virtually eliminated all forms of legal protection for salaried workers. Job security was completely stamped out, and new rules governing contracts were established that reduced employers' obligations to their workers. For example, workers under 24 years of age were considered "apprentices,"
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