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Essay on Philosophy of Religion
This paper is on "Philosophy of Religion". The paper compares the arguments of Theism and Atheism and analyzes why I agree with Atheism and disagree with Theism.
In the vast monotheistic religions, God is worshiped as the One, the supreme unity that embraces or has created all things; although polytheism, the belief in many gods, has also flourished throughout history. These contrasts are sometimes united in a single theological scheme. Thus, while theism (belief in a supreme being) emphasizes divine transcendence and pantheism (belief that God is the sum of all things) identifies God with the world order, in panentheism God is understood as both transcendent and immanent. The Christian doctrine of the Trinity and similar doctrines in other religions acknowledge both the unity and the inner diversity of God. Christianity is a form of monotheism in which the absolute unity of God has been modified.
It has also been argued that God has both personal and impersonal aspects, or even that he alone is truly personal and that at the finite level there is only an imperfect approximation of personal being. These attempts to unite seemingly opposite characteristics are common in religious and mystical writers and are intended to do justice to the variety and complexity of religious experience. Fifteenth-century German philosopher Nicholas of Cusa, for instance, believed that God can be apprehended only through mystical intuition. Nineteenth-century Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard insisted on the parodoxical nature of religious faith. These formulations suggest that the logic of discourse about God is necessarily different from the logic that applies to finite entities.( Davis, Derek H.)
Theism, from the term theos (Greek for “god”), faith in one God who is individual and commendable of adoration, who transcends the world however takes an active interest in it, and who reveals his purpose for human beings through certain individuals, astounding events, or sacred writings. A theistic God is personal if he can be understood by analogies drawn from human experience and if human beings can enter into a personal relation with him and petition him in prayer.....................
