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Essay on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs-2
Social life is recognized by social psychologists as a dynamic product of many forces and contingencies. the implicit model of human nature preferred is very much an "over socialized" and "other-directed" one. With some exceptions, it minimizes genetic, instinctual, or internal bases of social behavior and emphasizes external sources: socialization, social learning, influence by peers and public opinion.
Maslow well known psychologists presented the hierarchy of needs theory of human motivation in 1943. It is by far the best known of the various motivation theories and, offers some sound insights into understanding human behavior. This theory is applied to social psychology as it is derived by basic human nature and their needs. (Markus H., & Zajonc R. B. 1985).
According to Maslow, all human beings have five broad categories of needs they endeavor to satisfy: physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization. These needs are arranged in an ascending hierarchical fashion from lowest (physiological) to highest (self-actualization). The needs vary in their degree of prepotency or urgency. The lower-level needs are the most prepotent because their satisfaction is essential to a person’s survival. As the lower-level needs become reasonably well satisfied, the higher-order needs assume increasing importance as causal factors in human behavior (Murchison, C. 1965).
Physiological needs are comprised of those things required to maintain and sustain life, such as food, air, water, sleep, shelter, and physical survival. These needs are basic because if they are not satisfied life cannot be sustained for very long. Moreover, some reasonable degree of satisfaction is also essential if the quality of a person’s life is to be adequate enough to allow the person to pursue the satisfaction of other needs.
Safety needs are concerned with protection from danger, risk, uncertainty, or threats to one’s person. Physical safety, situational stability, economic security, freedom from fear or anxiety....................
