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Essay on Intelligence
Since the opening of the 20th century, intelligence has been conceptualized as a qualitatively exceptional faculty (or faculties) with a comparatively permanent quantity that individuals possess and that can be tested by predictable intelligence tests. In spite of the reasonable errors of reification and circular analysis concerned in this essentialistic conceptualization, this outlook of intelligence has persisted until the present, with psychologists still debating how a lot of and what types of intelligence there are. This paper argues that a concept of intelligence as anything more than a label for various behaviors in their contexts is a myth and that a truly scientific understanding of the behaviors said to reflect intelligence can come only from a functional analysis of those behaviors in the contexts in which they are observed. A practical approach can lead to more productive methods for measuring and teaching intelligent behavior.
Intelligence is the word more often than not referring to an all-purpose mental ability to underlying principle, solve problems, think hypothetically, learn and comprehend new material, and profit from past experience. Intelligence can be measured by many different kinds of tasks. Similarly, this ability is expressed in many aspects of a person’s life. Intelligence draws on a variety of mental processes, including memory, learning, perception, and decision-making, thinking, and reasoning. Most people have an intuitive notion of what intelligence is, and many words in the English language distinguish between different levels of intellectual skill: bright, dull, smart, stupid, clever, slow, and so on. Yet no universally accepted definition of intelligence exists, and people continue to debate what, exactly, it is. Fundamental questions remain: Is intelligence one general ability or several independent systems of abilities? Is intelligence a property of the brain, a characteristic of behavior, or a set of knowledge and skills? (Mehrabian, Albert (2000).................
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