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Essay on Stanley Milgram
History and life
Stanley Milgram was raised in New York City where he was born in 1933. He graduated from James Monroe High School in 1950, along with fellow classmate and future social psychologist, Phil Zimbardo.
Although considered one of the most important psychologists of the 20th century, he never took a psychology course as an undergraduate at Queens College, New York, where he earned his Bachelor's degree in Political Science in 1954. He applied to a Ph.D. program in social psychology at Harvard University and was initially rejected due to lack of psychology background. He was accepted in 1954 after taking six courses in psychology, and graduated with the Ph.D. in 1960.
Milgram was always interested in social issues. This was a foreshadowing of the emerging field of urban psychology. His critique investigated cross-cultural differences in conformity, which he conducted in Norway and Paris. (Thomas Blass)
Early writings
In 1963, he published the results of his Milgram experiments in the Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology in the article Behavioral study of obedience. In the ensuing controversy that erupted, the APA suspended his membership in 1964 due to questions about the ethics of his work. Ten years later, in 1974, Milgram published Obedience to Authority and was awarded the annual social psychology award by the AAAS mostly for his work over the social aspects of obedience. He used his models to explain the My Lai massacre including authority training in the military, depersonalizing the "enemy" through race and cultural differences.
Obedience and Authority
The experiment was intended to measure the willingness of a participant to obey an authority that instructs the participant to do something that may conflict with the participant's personal conscience. The experiments began in July 1961, a year after the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem................
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