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Essay on Extrinsic Motivation
To understand extrinsic motivation, we first need to take an understanding of what motivation is. Motivation is an influence that accounts for the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior. Motivations are very reasons behind people’s thoughts and behaviors.
Motivation is external and internal both; meaning that it’s extrinsic and intrinsic. Intrinsic motivation can be defined as “motivation associated with activities that are their own reward” (Perry 2003). It is motivation that stems from your inner feelings and views which feed your desires to accomplish and perform. Oppositely, extrinsic motivation is “motivation created by external factors such as rewards and punishments” (Perry 2003). When you are extrinsically motivated, you are only performing the task for what you will gain from completion. On the other hand, when we are intrinsically motivated, there is no requirement for external rewards or punishments because the activity is a reward in itself.
What exactly is extrinsic motivation…and why is it so prevalent in education? Here’s what a couple of experts have to say: "Extrinsic motivation is motivation to engage in an activity as a means to an end. Individuals who are extrinsically motivated work on tasks because they believe that participation will result in desirable outcomes such as a reward, teacher praise, or avoidance of punishment." --Paul R Pintrich & Dale H. Schunk, Motivation in Education
"One thing I have learned as I visit schools and talk to teachers is that most teachers prefer to use outer motivational resources. Many teachers hold pessimistic attitudes about the utility or even the wisdom of motivating students via inner motivational resources. There is something there that teachers simply do not trust. Behind this mistrust I hear three reasons. First, some teachers actually do not want a theory of motivation; rather they want a theory of performance....................
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