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Essay on Coping with Personal and Job Related Stress
Introduction
At the turn of the century a confluence of economic, political and sociocultural forces are impacting profoundly on our contemporary work arrangements. The climate in organizations has changed dramatically in the past decade with increased demands from globalization of the economy, and the rapid development of communication technology. There is rapid industrialization in developing economies.
The impact of globalization of the economy has led to a shift from manufacturing to knowledge and service based economies. Further, the exponential rate of technological change has 'outstripped efforts to develop sociotechnical perspectives that integrate human needs and values into the management of jobs and organizations'.
Within the workplace these changes translate to over employment for many workers: those in full-time jobs are experiencing increased pressure and faster pace, increased workload, longer shifts and longer hours, and demands for high organizational performance. Over employment has been linked to cardiovascular disease for some time. The risk of heart attack for those working long hours (e.g. 11 hours) is 2.5 times the risk of those working an 8 hour day.
Workers are now being required to perform multiple tasks, learn new skills, and self-manage to meet competitive demands. This has lead to jobs that are more fluid, possibly exacerbating role ambiguity and role conflict, and leading in turn to work stress and illness. In addition, for many workers the amount and scope of work has diminished with technological advances leading to underemployment, and this can also be risky. Research has found that those working less than 6 hours per day have 3 times the risk of heart attack than those working an 8 hour day. However point out that those working lower hours may have been doing so because they were already suffering from the stress of too high a workload.
Technological changes have also led to an increasing amount of poor-quality work.....................
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