Difference between leadership and management styles
Leadership in law enforcement organizations have been defined as “the process of influencing the members of an organization to employ appropriately and willingly their energies in activities that are helpful to the achievement of the police department’s goals” (Swanson, Territo and Taylor, 2000). DeParis (1997) contends that police leader styles have been largely developed within a traditional bureaucratic structure. The author writes that: Management is concerned with the efficient utilization of department resources through the processes of planning, organizing and controlling. Leadership particularly organizational leadership—involves influencing followers toward the attainment of organizational goals (DeParis, 1997).
Five important principles of leadership for law enforcement were identified as: 1) management by leadership, 2) vision and mission, 3) alignment, (e.g., adjusting vision) mission, and strategy for consistency with policy and procedure, 4) training and development, and 5) teamwork. The authors felt that the refusal of law enforcement managers and supervisors to accept and cultivate human resources, its people, is law enforcement’s greatest impediment (Alsabrook, et al, 2001).
Bennis (1989, p. 45) composed a list comparing and contrasting managers and leaders.
- The manager administers; the leader innovates.
- The manager is a copy; the leader is an original.
- The manager maintains; the leader develops.
- The manager focuses on systems and structure; the leader focuses on people.
- The manager relies on control; the leader inspires trust.
- The manager has a short-range view; the leader has a long-range perspective.
- The manager asks how and when; the leader asks what and why.
- The manager has his eye always on the bottom line; the leader has his eye on the horizon.
- The manager imitates; the leader originates.
- The manager accepts the status quo; the leader challenges it.
- The manager is the.....
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