Introduction
The past decade has witnessed a dramatic change in society’s expectations of what information -- and how much of it -- USA’s public institutions should make available to citizens. Demands for greater accountability and transparency in government have dovetailed with new technologies that make it much easier for governments to rapidly disseminate vast amounts of information. The result is that there is more public information at people’s disposal than ever before. In a dramatic change from just a few years ago, many Americans can now review licensing rules, ask questions about public services, apply for government jobs, learn about procedures for income tax declarations, peruse official statistics, and comment on legislative proposals at any hour of the day without leaving the house.
Public administration is often regarded as including also some responsibility for determining the policies and programs of governments. Specifically, it is the following:
- Planning
- Organizing
- Directing
- Coordinating
- Controlling of government operations
- Public administration is a feature of all nations, whatever their system of government.
Within nations public administration is practiced at the · Central · Intermediate · Local levels Civil Service The body of public administrators is usually called the civil service. Certain characteristics are common to all civil services. Senior civil servants are regarded as the professional advisers to those who formulate state policy. Senior civil servants are professional in the sense that their experience of public affairs is thought to provide them with the knowledge of the limits within which state policy can be made effective and of the probable administrative results of different courses of action (Gargan, 1997).
Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy is a type of administration that is characterized by specialization, professionalism, and having a secure place in office. When you have bureaucracy, there are common ways in which......
