Essay on Understanding Internetworking

Introduction
Networking has evolved over time and networks have seen a trend towards enhanced proliferation in business and organizations with the increased use of computer communications as well as computing in general. With the dawning of the pervasive computing age, computer connectivity has assumed an exceedingly important dimension. There are many different types of networks that are in use today ranging from the most widely used wired Ethernet networks to wireless local area networks or LAN and mobile networks as well as fiber optic networks. Examples of LAN technologies include the Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Token Bus, Token Ring, Fiber Distributed Data Interface or FDDI and Asynchronous Transfer Mode or ATM LAN. For the Wide Area Network, the networks which are encountered may include VSAT, Radio, Global System for Mobile Communications or GSM, Cellular Digital Packet Radio and ATM WAN etc. Even for the wired LAN, there may be different protocols such as Ethernet TCP/IP, AppleTalk, Novell etc (Banerjee, 2002).

Internetworking refers to the issues related to connecting multiple, possibly heterogeneous networks together so that data and information may be passed from one type of network to computers and computing devices connected to other types of networks. The task of connecting multiple heterogeneous networks is not an easy task because the networks may differ in many ways such as having different frame formats, different packet sizes, the addressing mechanisms on different networks may be different and there may be a connectionless or connection-oriented approach which may be employed. The heterogeneous networks may be connected together at the physical layer so that repeaters are used to connect and copy signals from one LAN to the other. Network connectivity is also possible at the data – link layer in which frames are copied from one network to the other....................

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